Installing an APK outside a store, enabling developer mode, selecting the mock location app and the permissions the app asks for — with an explanation of why each one is needed.
Open the downloaded file — Android will ask for permission to install from this source (the browser or file manager). The permission is granted to that specific source app, not to the whole system.
Settings → “Developer options” → “Select mock location app” → choose Mock Location. After that, just tap the point you need on the map in the app — spoofing starts right away.
Location — to show your real position and return to it after spoofing stops. Notifications — for the mandatory background service notification. Microphone — only for voice address search and only if you choose to use it.
It is Android's mandatory background service notification. Without it, the system stops spoofing within minutes of minimizing the app — you cannot remove the notification and keep spoofing.
Open any other app with a map — for example, Yandex Maps — and see where it shows your position. If it shows the coordinate you chose, spoofing works at the system level.
Stop spoofing with the button in the app — the coordinates become real immediately. To remove the ability to spoof altogether, set “Select mock location app” back to “None” in developer options.